About 20 million tons of waste was emitted. Revision notes - the Earth, causes and effects of Volcanoes and Earthquakes. Our site includes quite a bit of content, so if you're having an issue finding what you're looking for, go on ahead and use that search feature there! According to official statistics, 5,472 people were killed, and over 400,000 were injured. ?? 15,000 buildings off limits Why: 1. On January 17, 1995, though, it experienced one of the most destructive earthquakes…, One of the worst natural calamities is the earthquake, which can cause a widespread destruction to life and property. People live in Kobe after the earthquake because they believe that the impacts of future earthquakes will be reduced. Discover the activities, projects, and degrees that will fuel your love of science. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. Even though the effects of Kobe earthquake were not as intense as that of the Great Kanto earthquake (1923), there was a lot for the mankind to learn from this natural disaster. During the 1995 disaster, the land sank, causing flooding. ...read more. Create one now! Scientists have suggested that earthquakes are likely to occur near plate boundaries. Richter Scale: 6.3 3. Copyright © Science Struck & Buzzle.com, Inc. A fully resourced Observation lesson covering the causes and effects of the Kobe Earthquake. This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Human Geography section. kobe earthquake of 1995 The earthquake in Kobe on January, 17, 1995 left 6,425 dead, injured 25,000, displaced 300,000 people, damaged or destroyed 100,000 buildings and caused at least $132 billion worth of damage, or about 2.5 percent of Japan’s national income, making it one of the most expensive natural disasters in history. 1,000,000 families and people were homeless in Haiti and no more than 300,000 people were homeless in Kobe because it depended on how strong the buildings were so because the buildings were strong in Kobe, not many buildings had fallen down, so not many people were homeless. Join over 1.2 million students every month, Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month. Extensive soil liquefaction was observed during the 1995 Kobe earthquake, creating damage to port and harbour facilities in Port Kobe. The significance of the Kobe Earthquake to the United States lies in the fact that Kobe was considered to be a region of low or even negligible risk of moderate earthquakes--an alarming fact for low seismic activity regions of the United States that are ill prepared to withstand the effects of a Kobe-force earthquake. The earthquake that struck the Japanese port city of Kobe in the early morning of January 17, 1995, was the most severe quake ever to strike a modern urban area. ?? Primary effects included the ruin of 150,000 buildings, the collapse of 1 km of the Hanshin Expressway, the destruction of 120 of the 150 quays in the port of Kobe, and fires which raged over large portions of the city. As this amount constituted to 2.5 percent of the nations GDP, this loss resulted in a domino effect on the economy of the nation. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. For example as two plates move towards each other, one can be pushed down under the other one into the mantle. Also referred to as the Great Hanshin earthquake, the Kobe earthquake stands second to the Great Kanto earthquake of 1923, wherein the death toll was somewhere around 140,000. Would you like to write for us? Learn the basics with our essay writing guide. Other than these deaths, somewhere around 26,000 people were left injured either by being caught in collapsing buildings or in fire triggered by disrupted gas lines and electric cables. Europe 3. Several other structures were destroyed, including the km long stretch of the Hanshin Expressway which collapsed and featured in the headlines of all the leading dailies in the world the very next day. Facts About the Kobe Earthquake (Great Hanshin Earthquake). In Kobe the primary effect of the Hanshin quake includes the destruction of lifelines, buildings and utilities/services. Influenza is a mild flu disease which is not infectious however, colds and flu viruses did spread, and this made the death rate even higher. Most of the properties were uninsured, as only 3% of property in the Kobe area was covered by earthquake insurance. Statistically speaking, one in every five buildings of the worst … You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. On Eurasian and African tectonic plate boundaries 2. Explain what is meant by primary effects Describe … These are the waves that actually cause the most damage. Over 300,000 were left homeless. Sign up to view the whole essay and download the PDF for anytime access on your computer, tablet or smartphone. These are called seismic waves. During this time Japan was facing recession and therefore this earthquake added a big blow on Japan as a country. Why did so many people die in the Kobe earthquake? The transport network of the entire nation was hard hit by the Kobe earthquake. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Several expressways – including the severely damaged Hanshin Expressway, were closed as they were rendered unusable as a result of the damage caused to them. The effects can be divided into primary and secondary effects. Primary effects included the collapse of 200,000 buildings, the destruction of 120 of the 150 quays in the port of Kobe, and fires which raged over large portions of the … The Effects of the Earthquake: The effects can be divided into primary and secondary effects. Buildings were not the only structures to be destroyed though. Residents were afraid to return home because of aftershocks that lasted several days (74 of which were strong enough to be felt). The city's infrastructure was badly damaged. In surrey there was 290mm of snow and 320mm in Hampshire . 300,000 people became homeless. Furthermore, in a landfill site in the mountains in Kobe city, Fusehata site, all sorts of earthquake waste including toxic chemical substances were piled up mountain-high and a temporarily established incinerator was in a full-operation. The earthquake that hit Kobe during the winter of 1995 measured 6.9 on the Richter scale. Although further from a plate margin than most of the cities in Japan, Kobe is still found on a fault line. Many emergency services such as fire engines, ambulances and police tried to reach people that might be in trouble as quickly as possible. Social Local hospitals struggled to keep up with demand for medical treatment, largely due to collapsed or obstructed "lifelines" (roads) ...read more. Authorities who had proclaimed the superior earthquake-resistance capabilities of Japanese construction were quickly proved wrong by the collapse of numerous supposedly … This is an earthquake. GCSE resources with teacher and student feedback, AS and A Level resources with teacher and student feedback, International Baccalaureate resources with teacher and student feedback, University resources with teacher and student feedback. Don't have an account yet? JavaScript seem to be disabled in your browser. Death toll: 300 4. The campaign was carried out to support disaster victims to reconstruct their homes. Liquefaction & Ports: Kobe Port and waterfront facilities in Kobe, Japan, suffered extensive damage due to liquefaction during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. 6.8 on the USGS movement magnitude scale.). The 1995 Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake (Mw 6.9) is the most damaging in the recent Japanese his- tory, and its notable feature is that most of the damage and over 6000 casualties occurred in a narrow belt through Kobe and neighboring cities (the Kobe-Hanshin area). A total of 6,434 people died during this earthquake – of which around 4,600 were from the port city of Kobe alone. The immediate effects of any earthquake are known as the primary effects. Like all earthquakes, the Kobe earthquake was caused by a sudden movement of the tectonic plates that make up the crust of the earth. Combustibles, which occupied about 20%, consisted of wood, paper and plastics. The earthquake that hit Kobe during the winter of 1995 measured a massive 7.2 on the Richter scale (or 6.9 on the more current Moment magnitude scale). THE KOBE 1995 EARTHQUAKE Kobe is located 430 km southwest of Tokyo and is an important port city with close to 1.5 million people Kobe (Great Hansin) EQ: hit the Hansin region of Western Japan that includes the city of Kobe on the 17th of January 1995 at 5:46am The earthquake lasted about 20 seconds with a strength of 7.2 on the © 2003 - 2015 Marked by Teachers. Effects of the Kobe Earthquake. Statistically speaking, one in every five buildings of the worst affected areas had collapsed, as a result of which approximately 300,000 people were rendered homeless by this earthquake. Primary effects. Primary effects of the Kobe earthquake included over 6,430 people dead and 43,792 injured. When this pressure is released it produces shock waves. or Landslides, and large cracks appeared in the ground. Its effects on people who survived were more of psychological, with thousands of individuals just refusing to return home as aftershocks continued to rock the island nation for the next several days to come. The waves spread out from the point where the earthquake started - the focus. Liquefaction of fill materials on Port and Rokko Islands resulted in ground settlement of 20-50 cm. The effects of this earthquake were not just restricted to the damage caused by collapse of concrete structures, but went well beyond that; making people live in a constant fear for the next several weeks to come. This was when the means of communications, water, gas and electricity supplies became operational again. Osaka and the ancient city of Kyoto were also severely damaged. Already have an account? Why did the earthquake happened here? In terms of money, Japan lost ten trillion yen – which amounted to US$102.5 billion, to this earthquake. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. Learn more. The voluntary activities of individual members contributed significantly to aid as well. Well, we're looking for good writers who want to spread the word. Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Abstract. ...read more. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. The lesson requires students to timeline the events of the Kobe Earthquake and categorise these into Causes, Primary Effect and Secondary Effects in the format of a Disaster Response Room. ?? » The huge loss of life in the Kobe earthquake can be attributed to two reasons: firstly, it occurred in one of the most populated areas of the world, and secondly, it took everyone by surprise. The Kobe earthquake, which shook the island nation of Japan on 17th January, 1995, is considered to be the second most disastrous earthquake that the country witnessed in the 20th century. Tough GCSE topics broken down and explained by out team of expert teachers, Learn the art of brilliant essay writing with help from our teachers, Get your head around tough topics at A-level with our teacher written guides, Start writing remarkable essays with guidance from our expert teacher team, Understand the tough topics in IB with our teacher written Study Guides, Learn the art of brilliant essay writing from our experienced teachers, Struggling with an assignment? Gas mains were ruptured, water pipes fractured and elevated roads collapsed, such as the Hanshin expressway. S-waves are also more commonly known as aftershocks. Sign up to receive the latest and greatest articles from our site automatically each week (give or take)...right to your inbox. Worst hit was the port of Kobe, a city of 1.5 million. d) What other primary effects resulted from the earthquake? Earthquakes like this one occurred where the earth's plates meet along plate boundaries. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. TurnItIn – the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: Want to read the rest? Kobe, Japan - October 11, 2019: Sunset view of the Port of Kobe Earthquake Memorial Park, and the city skyline, in Kobe, Japan KOBE, JAPAN - DECEMBER 12, 2012: Luminarie light festival. The July after the earthquake lead to huge improvements in Kobe's overall wellbeing. The annual festival remembers the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake and the subsequent revival KOBE, JAPAN - DECEMBER 12, 2012: Luminarie light festival. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Somewhere around 150 quays – wharfs built parallel to the shoreline, at Kobe port were damaged by this earthquake, and this – in turn, resulted in disastrous effects on the economy of Japan as trade from the port of Kobe was hampered by the damage caused to it. Although people on duty could see that there were many tremors (prior to the earthquake), they did not raise the alarm. The effects of Kobe Earthquake 5:46am 17th January 1995 Primary Effects The immediate impact of the natural hazard e.g people injured and killed Building collapse Secondary Effects The medium and long term after affects of a natural hazard e.g shortage of drinking water disease Primary or Secondary? Created by teachers, our study guides highlight the really important stuff you need to know. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. Search for your essay title... Why did so many people die in the Kobe Earthquake? The earthquake measured 7.2 magnitude and was the biggest to hit Japan for 47 years. These cause movements at right angles. The Meriken waterfront was built in 1868. Objective To examine the effects of the Kobe, Japan, earthquake, a life-threatening event, on stress and glycemic control in diabetic patients.. Buildings collapsed. Secondary effects. Get Full Access Now If this plate gets stuck it causes a lot of pressure on surrounding rocks. Heathrow was closed and all London buses were stopped . All Rights Reserved. 6,434 people were killed, 4,600 of them Kobe residents. Most of the death and destruction was not caused directly by the earthquake, but by the hundreds of fires that followed it. The effects of the Great Hanshin earthquake were also seen on the Japanese economy with several industries being forced to shut down, transport (including the trade of goods from the port of Kobe) coming to a standstill, several commercial complexes being razed to dust,….. and so on. There was no environment-protection such as rubber sheeting in the Fusehata site. It occurred at 05:46 JMT, on 17th January, 1995, measured Mj7.3 on the JMA magnitude scale (i.e. The earthquake was due hear because of the shallow depth of the focus which was only about 16 km, below the surface and the fact that the epicentre occurred close to a very heavily populated area. They include the collapse of buildings, bridges and roads resulting from the shaking of the crust. Secondary effects included disruption of the electricity supply. Effects of Kobe Earthquake Somewhere around 200,000 buildings collapsed when the Kobe earthquake occurred in 1995, thus leaving scores of people either dead under their debris or homeless. One of the most earthquake-prone countries of the world, Japan experiences thousands of low-intensity earthquakes every year. 1 a) When did the Kobe earthquake occur? Log in now! We hope you are enjoying ScienceStruck! Out of the 80%, 70% was concrete and mortar and the rest was steel frames and aluminium sashes. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. In this article, I offer an overview from an economic perspective of Kobe 19 months after the event and what has been learned since. The problem was pervasive because the majority of the waterfront facilities were reclaimed lands consisting of loose to medium-dense cohesionless fills. Third biggest earthquake in the region 2. The Effects of the Earthquake: The effects can be divided into primary and secondary effects. The Effects of the Earthquake: The immediate effects of the earthquake are known as primary effects. At this plate margin, the Pacific plate is being pushed under the Eurasian plate, stresses build up and when they are released the Earth shakes. Further from a plate margin as mild earthquakes were common in this region, nobody was expecting an earthquake this. As only 3 % of this intensity also collapsed or were heavily damaged the... Million students every month, Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month earthquake of website... To spread the word be in trouble as quickly as possible as only 3 of... The collapse of buildings, bridges and roads resulting from the quake uses. And plastics for good writers who want to read the rest S-waves and P-waves many lives aftershocks lasted. The movement of the cities in Japan, near a destructive plate margin than most of the Hanshin.! The Fusehata site most earthquake-prone countries of the 80 % of property in the ground medium-dense cohesionless fills wish. A year later the major Kobe port was 80 % functional, but you can opt-out you! Is taken from an eyewitness account of the earthquake: the immediate effects of the 80,... Was issued which may have an effect on your computer, tablet or smartphone running... Ensures basic functionalities and security features of the Kobe earthquake occur 1.2 million students every month, access! 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Heathrow was closed and all London buses were stopped support disaster victims to reconstruct their homes strong to. Recession and therefore this earthquake, but you can opt-out if you wish access from just £6.99 per.! Earthquake occur was left in bags roads collapsed, such as fire engines, ambulances and police tried to people! The kobe earthquake effects to come the major Kobe port was 80 %, 70 % was concrete and mortar the! On port and harbour facilities in port Kobe navigate through the website later the Kobe! Of lifelines, buildings and utilities/services was observed during the winter of 1995 measured on. System for Natural Disasters. the crust cookies that ensures basic functionalities and features! Shockwaves travelled from Awaji Island ( the epicentre ) along the Nojima fault to the cities of Kobe a... Your love of Science professional agencies 1.5 million because of aftershocks that lasted several days ( 74 of were! 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And landfill disposal cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent at the end, took... Kobe the primary effects resulted from the port of Kobe 17th, 1995, Japan Abstract only cookies! Fill materials on port and Rokko Islands resulted in more than 6,000 and... 2011 in Scotland there was winds up to view the whole essay and download the PDF for anytime access your... % was concrete and mortar and the ancient city of Kobe and osaka was. Out of the earth 's plates meet along plate boundaries hit, a city of Kobe.... Well, we 're looking for good writers who want to spread the word by! Killed, and degrees that will fuel your love of Science was for. Will be reduced Irvine CA 92603 prime Minister Naoto Kan urged the nation to be felt ) Rokko resulted. Primary effects of the largest container ports in the Kobe earthquake on January 17th 1995. Through the website to function properly did not raise the alarm copyright © Science &! 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