Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. Author information: (1)1Department of Psychology,York University,Toronto,Ontario,Canada. and Smial I'sycholr~fiv, Inhrmatiun prncessinfi and the srudv oi rhe sell Adtonrex br expen, This study extends previous work examining responsibility diffusion in groups and the reduction in productivity displayed by group members when working on certain types of collective tasks (the soc, I continue to be working on issues related to moral judgment, focusing on individual differences in levels of idealism and relativism. More androgynous, less sex-typed, and less undifferentiated Ss were found among Orientals than among Westerners. However, the strength of self-reference effects may increase with age, since growth in the self-concept may be required for in depth processing of self-referent material. Carson N(1), Rosenbaum RS(2), Moscovitch M(3), Murphy KJ(4). These findings are related to some processing theories and to EEG studies of word recall in adult stutterers. dissertation challenge the view of humans as deliberate agents and raise questions about decision making. In Experiments 2a-c, were we employed simple recognition procedures, we found virtually no or modest blindness rates (0-35%) in student and non-student samples. The self-reference effect was developed by T.B. A recognition task was given at the end to identify which was superior in memory recognition. The author then looks at the dominant theoretical treatment of human long-term memory—the systems approach—and examines how the construct of “self” is situated in this framework. (30 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved), 1,129 Oriental and Western Israeli students from religious and secular high schools participated in a study to investigate (a) the relation between sex-role typing and ego identity, (b) the distribution of sex-role typing within different cultural groups, and (c) the relative contribution of masculinity (M), femininity (F), religiousness, sex, and ethnic origin to prediction of ego identity variables. Based on weather-biased assumptions rather than in terms related to crime and unemployment, for example, Cleveland is most likely not at the top of a "most miserable places to live" list. A further look into the depth of processing of the two types o… Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. **p < .01. 2. Serial position effect - Intro to Psychology - Duration: 1:20. Analyses revealed that whereas the low-trait anxious subjects recalled equivalent numbers of threatening and non-threatening words, the high-trait anxious subjects recalled significantly more of the threatening words. When self-referred traits were negative, patients’ memory depended on the valence of their self-esteem: negative self-esteem was linked to poor memory for negative self-referred traits. One interpretation of this effect is that the self operates to organise retrieval of memories. Participants also completed a questionnaire assessing their self-esteem. The typical finding is that the overwhelming majority of participants remain unaware to this surreptitious change in the outcome of their decision and accept as their own a decision they never made. Religious Ss were higher than secular Ss on Commitment and Purposefulness. This experiment concerned the effects of emotional content, self-relevance, and emotional tone of testimony on memory. In the context of eyewitness testimony, the longer retention interval as well as the heightened similarity between the original choice and the presentation of the manipulate outcome and potentially memory decay can be conceptualized as factors that increase the ambiguity surrounding a decision, which in turn increases blindness rates. However, it seems that one’s own name gains cognitive priority only when it is presented within the focus of attention or when the participant is set to process it (Gronau et … To that end, we modified the choice blindness paradigm to incorporate manipulations of eyewitness identification decisions and witness statements. This finding is consistent with the self-reference effect (e.g., ... To name just a few examples, memory for self-relevant terms is superior to memory for non-self-relevant terms, as are self-relevant encoding strategies compared with semantic and other relevant encoding strategies. Sex-role type was significantly related to each of the ego identity variables, indicating that androgynous Ss were highest followed by masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated Ss. (86 ref), This research suggests that difficulties in demonstrating consistent effects of the self on recall and in specifying the processes involved in self-referent encoding stem partly from a failure to distinguish between two self-reference encoding tasks; those requiring Ss to decide if a word describes them and those requiring Ss to retrieve a personal memory involving the word. Finally, participants are informed about the possibility of a manipulation and are asked to indicate if that was true for them. The early development of this effect was explored here using a concrete encoding paradigm. To this end, we directly compared high and low self-relevance conditions. In Chapter 8 we focused on the role of self-relevance as a moderator, but found only weak support for the hypothesis that self-relevance can decrease blindness rates. In a typical choice blindness task participants first indicate a preference. Nevertheless, trait words were better recalled after being related to personal experiences, because trait words and personal experiences were easily associated. Mean accuracy scores (memory performance) for negative and positive adjectives encoded with reference to the self or a distant other, or processed semantically, for healthy controls and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. In Part 1 of this dissertation, we focused on establishing the occurrence of choice blindness in earwitnesses and eyewitnesses. In healthy aging, its preservation is acknowledged: the SRE protects older adults from age-related episodic memory decline. Based on weather-biased assumptions rather than in terms related to crime and unemployment, for example, Cleveland is most likely not at the top of a "most miserable places to live" list. Psychologists are interested in the frequency of such references and in the type of self perception they reveal and the way in which such behavior affects the social perception of others. Following the successful application of blindness manipulations for auditory stimuli, in Chapter 3 we aimed to identify the conditions under which blindness occurs in facial recognition decisions. People who felt someone else in the group filled the role of the leader took less responsibility for the group’s performance than did participants who did not assign anyone to the leader role. To recall all the adjectives from the list to have an enhanced memory for terms that not... This dissertation, we directly compared high and low self-relevance conditions influence abound two experiments! 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